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1 λινουργία
λινουργίᾱ, λινουργίαlinen manufacture: fem nom /voc /acc dualλινουργίᾱ, λινουργίαlinen manufacture: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic) -
2 льняное производство
Textile: flax manufacture, linen manufactureУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > льняное производство
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3 λινουργίαι
λινουργίᾱͅ, λινουργίαlinen manufacture: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic) -
4 λινουργίαν
λινουργίᾱν, λινουργίαlinen manufacture: fem acc sg (attic doric aeolic) -
5 λινουργία
λῐνουργ-ία, ἡ,Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > λινουργία
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6 Walton, Frederick
[br]fl. 1860s Chiswick, Middlesex, England[br]English inventor and early manufacturer of linoleum.[br]Walton's linoleum consisted of a burlap base coated with a cement made from linseed oil, gum, resin and colour pigments. The linseed oil was oxidized in order to produce a rubbery consistency, and this was achieved either by adding the oil to the burlap in a series of coats, allowing each coat to dry in a heated room and so absorb the oxygen from the atmosphere, or by inserting the product into a steam-heated container, thereby hastening the process. The coated fabric was then calendered so that the heat and pressure of the rollers would soften the coating mixture, making it adhere firmly to the fabric backing. On 19 December 1863 Walton applied for a patent for the manufacture of his invention at British Grove Works in Chiswick, Middlesex. The patent was granted on 31 May 1864 for "Improvements in the Manufacture of Floor Cloths and Coverings and Similar Fabrics and in Pavements". Later in 1864 Walton set up a factory in Staines.The term linoleum derives from the Latin words linum, meaning linen thread, and oleum, meaning oil. Linoleum was made in rolls in everincreasing quantity until about 1950, by which time it was being replaced by synthetic vinyl-type coverings.[br]Further ReadingSee "Linoleum" in Children's Britannica, Chicago, Ill.: Encyclopaedia Britannica, and in Encyclopaedia Americana, Danbury, Conn.: Americana.DY -
7 Aeroplane Fabrics
Plain weave cloths, used for making wings of aeroplanes. The cloth must be well woven, and practically without faults. The widths vary from 36-in. to 56-in., and up to 160-ends X 160 picks per inch. A standard cotton fabric is woven 84 X 84 threads per inch of 2/80's warp and weft mercerised yam. A fair quantity has been woven 90/2 reed, 100 picks, from 3/120's warp and weft Sea Islands cotton. Linen yarns made from the best quality of flax have been used in great quantities for the manufacture of these fabrics. Often these cloths are boiled after being woven, which process removes impurities not required and give greater strength with a minimum weight. Finished cloths are afterwards put through a process known as "doping". These linens have a breaking strength very high in both warp and weft in 100's warp, 110's weft boiled yarns. -
8 Courtrai Finish
A special unglazed rough finish for linen fabrics of Irish manufacture. -
9 Cuff
Cuffs were originally formed by the turning back of the termination of the sleeves at the wrist, and are first visible in ladies' dresses in the 15th century. In the reign of Henry VIII " three yards of crimson cloth of gold damask" are allowed for " the edging, facing, and cuffs " of a gown for the queen. Ben Johnson in 1629 mentions " the cuffs of Flanders." It is not definite whether of Flemish fashion, or of Flemish material. The Low Countries were celebrated for the manufacture of linen, and Flanders disputes with Venice the invention of lace. -
10 Finishing
FINISHING (Gloves, knit)The operations used to prepare knitted glove fabric for manufacture and these are usually shrinking, dyeing, drying, sueding and pasting. ———————— The imparting of special characteristics to certain makes of cotton goods to give them a resemblance to linen, wool, or silk. Finishing is an extensive and complicated art; and the various methods of working are modified according to whether white, grey, coloured, or printed goods are under consideration. Many forms of treatment call for the provision of specially constructed machines. The several main operations that are variously called into use may be classified in the following manner, though order of procedure is necessarily dependent on circumstances: - Singeing, raising, shearing, brushing, steaming, starching, calendering (various forms) impregnating, breaking-down, damping, mangling, moireing, embossing, stentering and stretching, doubling, measuring, plaiting, marking, pressing and packing. Many of the single operations are likewise modified according to the quality of the cloth and the nature of the finish desired. For instance, that of calendering takes many forms from the comparatively simple process of exerting pressure on the cloth for giving a slightly smooth surface, to more complicated ones and to " schreinering " for a very high gloss. -
11 Hemp
A fibre obtained from the stalk of the plant " Cannibis sativa." It is inferior in quality to flax, but stronger and easily bleached. It is grown in India, Italy, Russia, Poland and many other countries. The better grades are used in the manufacture of carpets. It is obtained in a similar manner to flax by retting, breaking, crushing, cutting and hackling. It is not rotted by water and is much used for ropes, sailcloth, etc. (see common Hemp). Hemp Varieties - Among the different varieties of hemp appearing in trade are the following: - Ambari (or brown) hemp, Bengal (or Bombay) hemp, Blackfellow's hemp, Bowstring (Africa), Bowstring (Florida), Calcutta hemp (jute), Cebu, Colorado River, Cretan, Cuban, False hemp (America), False sisal hemp. Giant hemp (China), Hayti, Ife, Indian, Jubbulpore (Madras), Manila, New Zealand hemp (or flax), Pangane, Pita, Pua (India), Queensland, Rangoon, Roselle, Sisal, Sunn, Swedish, Tampico, Water, Wild, Italian (see under each name) ————————NEW ZEALAND FLAX, or HEMPThe fibre obtained from the Phormium Tenax plant which is a native of New Zealand and South Australia. The fibre is very white, soft and flexible and has a high lustre. It differs from most hemp fibres in that it is obtained from the leaf and not the bast. It is not so fine or regular as true flax, nor does it spin as well, but it is superior to either flax or hemp in its tenacity. It is largely used for cordage, twine and floor-matting, through the best fibre is woven into a duck fabric closely resembling linen. There are numerous local names for this plant - The common variety of the lowland swamps is Harakeke, that of the higher ground is Paritanewha, and the best variety is called Taihore. The fibre is generally known as Muka. -
12 Marli-Marly
A light-weight French linen fabric, the manufacture of which was regulated by the laws of 1780. It was used for dresses and interior decoration. -
13 Peruvian Cloth
A cloth much used for table covers. About 66-in. to 72-in. wide, made from heavy linen yarns dyed in dark shades of red, blue, brown, etc. Woven plain, but embroidered afterwards. Of Peruvian manufacture. -
14 Raynes, Cloth Of
RAYNES, CLOTH OFFine, plain weave linen constantly mentioned in mediaeval times, and named from Rennes in Brittany, the original place of manufacture. It retained its reputation in England as late as the 16th century. Used for shirts and fine bedding. -
15 Silvalin
A yarn manufactured from cellulose pulp, wood, bamboo, cotton, linen, jute, waste or any vegetable fibre. It is made under the Kron patented method of manufacture which has been very successful in Germany. Fabrics made of 100 per cent Silvalin include mattings, carpets, bagging, druggets, braids and cords. Others with 25 per cent to 50 per cent cotton warp are tapestries, chair covers, cretonnes, bedticks, tablecloths, etc. Fabrics of jute, wool and flax warps with Silvalin weft have also been made. -
16 Tearing Goods
Cotton and linen goods for the African trade, a general term including many varieties of British manufacture. -
17 Tiretaine
French material woven in 2 & 2 twill with linen warp and low quality woollen weft. The cloth is very strong and durable, usually nap finished, and used for the manufacture of working clothes. -
18 קטלא
קַטְלָא, קַטְלָהf. (catella) chain, necklace. Kel. XI, 8 ק׳ שחוליות שלהוכ׳ a chain the links of which are of metal and strung on a linen or a woolen thread. Ib. שירי ק׳וכ׳ the fragments of a necklace (in order to be susceptible of levitical uncleanness) must be large enough Meil.V, 1. Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. I, 9; a. fr.Pl. קַטְלָאוֹת, קַטְלָיוֹת. Ib. 13; Kel. l. c. Ab. Zar.I, 8 (19b) אין עושין … קוטלאותוכ׳ (omitted in Y. ed.) you must not manufacture jewelry for idols: necklaces ; a. e.Gen. R. s. 98 שירין וקַטְלִיןוכ׳ chains, necklaces -
19 קטלה
קַטְלָא, קַטְלָהf. (catella) chain, necklace. Kel. XI, 8 ק׳ שחוליות שלהוכ׳ a chain the links of which are of metal and strung on a linen or a woolen thread. Ib. שירי ק׳וכ׳ the fragments of a necklace (in order to be susceptible of levitical uncleanness) must be large enough Meil.V, 1. Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. I, 9; a. fr.Pl. קַטְלָאוֹת, קַטְלָיוֹת. Ib. 13; Kel. l. c. Ab. Zar.I, 8 (19b) אין עושין … קוטלאותוכ׳ (omitted in Y. ed.) you must not manufacture jewelry for idols: necklaces ; a. e.Gen. R. s. 98 שירין וקַטְלִיןוכ׳ chains, necklaces -
20 קַטְלָא
קַטְלָא, קַטְלָהf. (catella) chain, necklace. Kel. XI, 8 ק׳ שחוליות שלהוכ׳ a chain the links of which are of metal and strung on a linen or a woolen thread. Ib. שירי ק׳וכ׳ the fragments of a necklace (in order to be susceptible of levitical uncleanness) must be large enough Meil.V, 1. Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. I, 9; a. fr.Pl. קַטְלָאוֹת, קַטְלָיוֹת. Ib. 13; Kel. l. c. Ab. Zar.I, 8 (19b) אין עושין … קוטלאותוכ׳ (omitted in Y. ed.) you must not manufacture jewelry for idols: necklaces ; a. e.Gen. R. s. 98 שירין וקַטְלִיןוכ׳ chains, necklaces
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